List of the Atlantic Oceans Ten Marginal Seas

List of the Atlantic Oceans Ten Marginal Seas The Atlantic Ocean is one of the worlds five oceans. It is the second-largest behind the Pacific Ocean with a total area of 41,100,000 square miles (106,400,000 sq km). It covers about 23% of the Earths surface and located mainly between the American continents and Europe and Africa. It also stretches north to south from Earths Arctic region to the Southern Ocean. The average depth of the Atlantic Ocean is 12,880 feet (3,926 m) but the deepest point in the ocean is the Puerto Rico Trench at -28,231 feet (-8,605 m).The Atlantic Ocean is also similar to other oceans in that it shares borders with both continents and marginal seas. The definition of a marginal sea is an area of water that is a partially enclosed sea adjacent to or widely open to the open ocean (Wikipedia.org). The Atlantic Ocean shares borders with ten marginal seas. The following is a list of those seas arranged by area. All figures were obtained from Wikipedia.org unless otherwise noted.1) Caribbean SeaArea: 1,063,000 square miles (2,753,157 sq km)2) Mediterranean SeaArea: 970,000 square miles (2,512,288 sq km)3) Hudson BayArea: 819,000 square miles (2,121,200 sq km)Note: Figure obtained from the Encyclopedia Britannica4) Norwegian SeaArea: 534,000 square miles (1,383,053 sq km)5) Greenland SeaArea: 465,300 square miles (1,205,121 sq km)6) Scotia SeaArea: 350,000 square miles (906,496 sq km)7) North SeaArea: 290,000 square miles (751,096 sq km)8) Baltic SeaArea: 146,000 square miles (378,138 sq km)9) Irish SeaArea: 40,000 square miles (103,599 sq km)Note: Figure obtained from the Encyclopedia Britannica10) English ChannelArea: 29,000 square miles (75,109 sq km)ReferenceWikipedia.org. (15 August 2011). Atlantic Ocean - Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia. Retrieved from: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_OceanWikipedia.org. (28 June 2011). Marginal Sea - Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia. Retrieved from: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marginal_seas

How to Work Mass Percent Problems in Chemistry

How to Work Mass Percent Problems in Chemistry Chemistry involves mixing one substance with another and observing the results. To replicate the results, its important to measure amounts carefully and record them. Mass percent is one form of measurement used in chemistry; understanding mass percent is important for accurately reporting in chemistry labs. What Is Mass Percent? Mass percent is a method of expressing the concentration of a substance in a mixture or element in a compound. It is calculated as the mass of the component divided by the total mass of the mixture and then multiplied by 100 to get the percent. The formula is: mass percent (mass of component / total mass) x 100% or mass percent (mass of solute / mass of solution) x 100% Usually, mass is expressed in grams, but any unit of measure is acceptable as long as you use the same units for both the component or solute mass and the total or solution mass. Mass percent is also known as percent by weight or w/w%.  This worked example problem shows the steps necessary to calculate mass percent composition. Mass Percent Problem In this procedure, we will work out the answer to the question What are the mass percentages of carbon and oxygen in carbon dioxide, CO2? Step 1: Find the mass of the individual atoms. Look up the atomic masses for carbon and oxygen from the Periodic Table. Its a good idea at this point to settle on the number of significant figures youll be using.  The atomic masses are found to be: C is 12.01 g/molO is 16.00 g/mol Step 2: Find the number of grams of each component make up one mole of  CO2. One mole of CO2 contains 1 mole of carbon atoms and 2 moles of oxygen atoms. 12.01 g (1 mol) of C32.00 g (2 mole x 16.00 gram per mole) of O The mass of one mole of CO2 is: 12.01 g 32.00 g 44.01 g Step 3: Find the mass percent of each atom. mass % (mass of component/mass of total) x 100 The mass percentages of the elements are: For Carbon: mass % C (mass of 1 mol of carbon/mass of 1 mol of CO2)  x 100mass % C (12.01 g / 44.01 g) x 100mass % C   27.29 % For Oxygen: mass % O (mass of 1 mol of oxygen/mass of 1 mol of CO2)  x 100mass % O (32.00 g / 44.01 g) x 100mass % O 72.71 % Solution mass % C 27.29 %mass % O 72.71 % When doing mass percent calculations, it is always a good idea to check to make sure your mass percents add up to 100%. This will help catch any math errors. 27.29 72.71 100.00 The answers add up to 100% which is what was expected. Tips for Success Calculating Mass Percent You wont always be given the total mass of a mixture or solution. Often, youll need to add up the masses. This might not be obvious! You may be given mole fractions or moles and then need to convert to a mass unit.Watch your significant figures!Always make sure the sum of the mass percentages of all components adds up to 100%. If it doesnt, then you need to go back and find your mistake.